Friday, May 15, 2020
Evaluation Of Exercise And Exercise Essay - 1145 Words
Compensatory Adaptations in Response to Exercise Interventions Exercise affects muscular and cellular metabolism, substrate oxidation, blood flow, and the secretion of hormones and neurotransmitters [20]. Given the complexity of the effects of exercise throughout the human body it should not be surprising that there is the potential for exercise-induced physiological and behavioral adaptations that mitigate the effect of exercise on various health outcomes beyond the differences attributed to adherence to the exercise program. The presence of compensatory adjustments in response to exercise has been shown over 35 years ago [21]. Particularly, behavioral adjustments in non-exercise PA and energy intake have been considered key contributors to the limited success in exercise-based weight-loss interventions (Figure 1) but there is also evidence on inter-individual differences in metabolic adaptations. In order to strengthen the efficacy of exercise in weight management it is crucial to enhance the understanding of key characteristics contributing t o compensatory adaptations that go beyond adherence to the exercise program. Given that a structured exercise program generally lasts for a relatively short period of time its effect on habitual PA could have a profound impact on exercise-induced changes in total daily energy expenditure (TDEE). Empirical evidence on the association between exercise and non-exercise PA, which represents all activities other than volitional exercise,Show MoreRelatedEvaluation Of The Lego Building Exercise1411 Words à |à 6 Pages Management involves various theories and concepts in place for evaluating efficiency, or lack of. The Lego Building exercise was a true application of certain concepts and theories learned throughout the semester. Unlike previous exercises in class, there has been a very competitive environment and a high reward involved. Also, the delegated leaderââ¬â¢s ability to effectively manage the team heavily influenced the success, or failure, of each team. In my team, there was an evident measure of controlRead MoreEvaluation Of A Exercise Based Interventions786 Words à |à 4 Pagesvariability in the direction and magnitude of weight change in response to supervised exercise-based interventions has been well documented (Table 1). Even in the highly controlled environment of an isolated experimental station over an 84-day period exercise induced weight loss ranged between 3 and 12 kg [48]. More recent studies showed that certain participants even gain weight in response to supervised e xercise interventions [42,49]. Accordingly, changes in fat mass and fat free mass have been shownRead MoreInterprofessional Interaction Exercise Evaluation548 Words à |à 2 Pagesï » ¿INTERPROFESSIONAL INTERACTION EXERCISE EVALUATION Description of the Exercise This exercise involved a communication exchange between a small group of nursing students with a small group of pharmacy students. It was designed as an opportunity for health care professionals in different disciplines to ask one another about areas of professional responsibility that they share. For example, nursing students explained some of the problems they encounter making sure they avoid any errors in selectingRead MoreAn Evaluation Of The Two Everest Teamwork Exercises And The Experiences And Results That Flight Completing The Simulation3011 Words à |à 13 Pages Everest Report Semester 2, 2014: Assignment 2 Wei-er Hu z5019068 Executive Summary This report will provide a critical analysis of the two Everest teamwork exercises and the experiences and results that accompanied completing the simulation. The report will delve into the magnitude of factors that influenced the exercise and provide a scope into the methods of analysis that is utilised to examine management models. Preparation for the first simulation undertaken was very limited and asRead MoreIntroduction. The Following Report Is An Analysis Of Exercises1662 Words à |à 7 PagesIntroduction The following report is an analysis of exercises that can be conducted on a Business Continuity Plan. It examines seven types of exercises classified under two different categories of emergency management exercises. The report also explains the pros and cons associated with each exercise and gives a brief description of how each exercise can be coordinated. Emergency Management Exercises Emergency management exercises are performed to ensure that the Business Continuity Plan (BCP)Read MoreEssay On Exercise As Treatment For Depression1435 Words à |à 6 Pages Exercise as Treatment for Depression Jacob Gibson University of Alabama in Birmingham Exercise as Treatment for Depression Depression is a prevalent severe medical disorder that adversely affects the way people feel, think, and act. According to Brosse, Sheets, Lett and Blumenthal (2002), the term depression is used to describe an unease or dissatisfaction mood state, a condition that involves a group of symptoms or a clinical disorder. Depression leads to a series of feelings of sadnessRead MoreEvaluation Of Potential Evaluation Designs, Ethical Considerations, And Evidence1407 Words à |à 6 Pagesof the evaluation, potential evaluation designs, ethical considerations, and evidence to be gathered. Each area will be discussed in length, cover all details, and give explanations. However, to first complete these tasks, we must first understand what the purpose of the evaluation is and what it does. The first task that will be covered is the purpose of the evaluation. There are a few things that are understood about the purpose. First and foremost, there are three main reasons evaluations are conductedRea d MoreAssignment Ignou Acc 11347 Words à |à 6 Pagespractical exercises. The assignment carries 100 marks; 60 marks for Section A and 20 marks for each of the other two Sections. IN THIS BOOKLET, THE SECTION ââ¬ËAââ¬â¢ OF THE ASSIGNMENT HAS BEEN PRINTED. THE PRACTICAL EXERCISES, WHICH FORM SECTIONS ââ¬ËBââ¬â¢ AND ââ¬ËCââ¬â¢ OF THE ASSIGNMENT, ARE CONTAINED IN THE PRACTICAL MANUAL FOR THE COURSE WHICH YOU WOULD HAVE RECEIVED ALONG WITH THE REST OF THE STUDY MATERIAL. OF THE EXERCISES CONTAINED IN THE PRACTICAL MANUAL, YOU ARE REQUIRED TO DO ONE EXERCISE AS PART OFRead MoreRegulating Hypertension Through And Exercise Intervention1265 Words à |à 6 PagesRegulating Hypertension Through and Activity and Exercise Intervention The nursing process is an array of steps that provides a formulated structure for the professional nursing practice to adhere by in order to provide exquisite care for every patient (Ackley, Ladwig, Makic, 2017, p. 2). It is used in a variety of nursing situations. The author will use this process to gather information from her family to analyze a problem within her own medical history. The risk for a disease is found usingRead MoreEssay On Soft Tissue Mobilizationation1496 Words à |à 6 PagesGiven the patientââ¬â¢s initial presentation and pain level during the evaluation, soft-tissue mobilization and myofascial release was performed. The patient was positioned supine with one pillow and a bolster placed under bilateral lower extremities. Extreme stiffness in bilateral sternocleidomastoid muscles consisted as the main focus of the initial treatment. The manual strokes were applied with moderate pressure in a superior to inferior fashion along the direction of the muscle fibe rs. Treatment
Wednesday, May 6, 2020
The Argument Against the National Minimum Wage Essay
The national minimum wage was introduced in the UK in April 1999 by the Labour government. Essentially it formed a major part of their manifesto as it convinced the average population that Labour were beneficial for everybody. However, they would argue against classical economics and suggest there are wide spread benefits to be gained. The main argument is that the NMW would alleviate poverty across the country. This is an equity issue that has constantly concerned society and would go some way to redistribution of income. It is a social belief that if every one is well off and lives above the poverty line, there will be positive social externalities for all. For example, those living inâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦This could only be good for the economy as the supply of labour increases. The NMW could ensure that whilst employees have increased wages and this should reduce the number of people dependant on the government via benefits. More people earning means less will need to claim job seekers allowance and acts as further saving for the government to spend elsewhere. The governments budget will further rise as increased incomes mean a greater number of people paying taxation and the level of taxation could afford to rise be small increments. The wage gap will be addressed and the effect of wage differentials will hopefully be reduced by the introduction of a national minimum wage that applies to all regions. The benefits discussed above are for employees but business should also gain for the NMW to be considered a useful tool in the economy. The argument that peoples incentive to work is increased also affects business as if people are happier in their jobs, they are less likely to consider leaving. This reduces labour turnover in markets, which is a major cost to business. Recruitment, retraining and the possible renegotiation of higher wages all raise costs for firms on a daily basis and are particularly detrimental for small firms with limited number ofShow MoreRelatedArguments for and Against the Minimum Wage in the Uk1137 Words à |à 5 PagesArguments for and against the National Minimum Wage (NMW) in the UK: stop employees being taken advantage of by being paid unfair wages by their employers. set a standard of the minimum worth of a worker. This benchmark was set so that employers would be unable to hire any staff for less than the suggested hourly rate. reduce pay differentials between genders. What is the new minimum wage?: In October 2009, the NMW for workers increased from: à £5.73 to à £5Read MoreThe Impact Of National Minimum Wage On South Africa s Income Inequality Essay1525 Words à |à 7 PagesThe impact national minimum wage would have on South Africaââ¬â¢s income inequality should it be implemented. South Africa is still considered one of the countries which still consist of high income inequality. Economists argue that inequality is the most unavoidable part of the economic development and that it continues to increase in developing countries due to economic growth (Keeton, 2014). Inequality is a problem in countries such as South Africa, because it shifts the attention from bigger andRead MoreDemand Supply , Examine the Argument in Favour Against Minimum Wage Law in Uk1415 Words à |à 6 PagesAssignment: A * (Using Demand Supply: examine the arguments in favour against minimum wage law in UK*) * *Total words: 1,402 Demand It refers to the willingness and ability of buyers to purchase goods and services at different prices. Supply It refers to the willingness and ability of sellers to provide goods and services for sale at different prices What* *is minimum wage? A minimum wage is the lowest monthly, daily or hourly that employersRead MoreThe Minimum Wage Act Of 20071607 Words à |à 7 Pages Introduction In 1938, the first national minimum wage laws in the United States were passed as part of the Fair Labor Standards Act, which served as ââ¬Å"a floor below wages,â⬠to reduce poverty and to ensure that economic growth is shared across the workforce. Today, many people who work for companies that pay at or near the minimum wage and remain near or below the poverty level rely on government health and food security and income programs to supplementRead MoreDoes the Minimum Wage Increase the Standard of Living for Low-Income People?1391 Words à |à 6 PagesThe United States has maintained a minimum wage which was enacted since 1938. At the present time there is much political debate in regarding to increase the minimum wage to levels at the federal level, state, and local levels of government across this country. There are various theories regarding the minimum wage. Some believe it would circulate money into the economy faster which would negate and negative effects on employmen t, or even improve unemployment rates. Others point to the economic theoryRead MoreMinimum Wage During The Great Depression1419 Words à |à 6 PagesThe Minimum Wage Battle In the United States, the minimum wage was passed during the Great Depression in 1938 to protect the buying power of normal workers in a period in which the ââ¬Å"unemployment rate was still a very high 19 percentâ⬠(Sklar, 2009, p. 1). Since that time, there has been significant debate about the controversial topic of raising the federal minimum wage. The federal minimum wage law was created to eliminate unfair practices of sweat shops and manufacturing companies during this timeRead MorePersuasive Essay On Minimum Wage1526 Words à |à 7 PagesMinimum wage is defined by the dictionary as ââ¬Å"the lowest wage paid or permitted to be paid; specifically: a wage fixed by legal authority or by contract as the least that may be paid either to employed persons generally or to a particular category of employed persons.â⬠Minimum wage is also referred to as the living wage. For many in and out of the political arena, minimum wage, is a topic of debate. The discussion involv es the fairness of the current wage and the need to raise this wage to correlateRead MoreShould We Increase Minimum Wage?1508 Words à |à 6 PagesThe topic on whether the minimum wage should be increased our untouched has been a hot topic in the media and political scene lately. Both the republicans and democrats have spent some big bucks lobbying their insights on the matter. There has been a lot of subjective and objective arguments that are reasonable on both the pros and cons of increasing our national minimum wage. To add to the drama associated with this topic, President Obama endorsed a bill proposing a nearly 40% rise from $7.25 toRead MoreMinimum Wage Conflict Theory1501 Words à |à 7 PagesChristopher Ferraro Law and Society 10/10/17 Minimum Wage Argument Marx s conflict theory has a very distinct ideology, it is stated that it mainly focuses on the causes and effect of class conflict between the bourgeoisie and the proletariat. The Bourgeoisie represented the members of a higher society which held onto the majority of the wealth and means also known as the owners of the way of manufacture and the capitalistic. While the proletariat class was constructed by individuals who belongRead MoreThe Effects Of Minimum Wages On Employment, By Benjamin Sosnaud, And The Effects Of Minimum Wage Essay1507 Words à |à 7 Pagestheir small hourly wages. Some groups advocate for increased wages, but others oppose that idea because of the possibility of widespread job losses. Even though researchers have heavily analyzed the effects of a living wage in the past few years, experts claim that different kinds of studies are biased to support one viewpoint over the other. The articles ââ¬Å"Living Wage Ordinances and Wages, Poverty, and Unemployment in US Cities,â⬠by Benjamin Sosnaud, and ââ¬Å"The Effects of Minimum Wages on Employment,ââ¬
Tuesday, May 5, 2020
Breathe free essay sample
In, out, in, out, in, outââ¬âget out food, food to mouth, breathe in, out, mouth opââ¬âOW! My breathing rhythm during the second Varsity NorCal mountain biking race of the season was abruptly shattered by my cry of excruciating pain and fear. Gingerly, I tried to open my mouth again and quickly shut it with a moan. If I opened my jaw further than about a centimeter, an intense pain stabbed through the left joint of my jaw: it was locked almost completely shut. All-encompassing terror rose through me like so much floodwater, relentlessly filling me from head to toe until it felt like I couldnââ¬â¢t breathe. With this unfamiliarly overwhelming panic inundating my mind and blocking out every single rational thought, I felt myself slipping under into the realm of mentally being unable to finish the race. No. That feeling of slipping jolted and horrified me, shocking me back into my regular breathing rhythmââ¬âin, out, in, outâ⬠¦ Ever so slowly, I relaxed my jaw enough to drink a small amount of water and laboriously chew and swallow two energy shot blocks. We will write a custom essay sample on Breathe or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Picking up my cadence to match the pace I had been cycling before, I headed into the third and final lap of the race, determined to finish what I had set out to do regardless of the level of my discomfort. During those last miles, however, I found my determination wavering. Every time the pain seemed to reach a new high and the fear would start to swell once again, the letters ââ¬Å"DNFâ⬠(short for ââ¬Å"did not finishâ⬠) flashed through my mind. I knew that despite the loss of points it would cause, my team wouldnââ¬â¢t blame me for bailing from the race; I was going through spasms of pain and panic every few minutes as my jaw alternated between being completely locked, and being unlocked but still tight. However, I also knew that I needed to finish what I had set out to do while I was still physically and mentally capable of doing so. Thusly, whenever the thought of not finishing the race entered into my mind, I quickly swept it away, recognizing my physical abilit y to race my bike to end as being largely unhindered, and refusing to let any mental weakness prevent me from crossing the finish line. And suddenly, seven grueling miles later, I was rounding the final turn of the course. I stood up on my bike and threw my whole body and mind into that last stretch, surging across the finish line as the third rider in my category before exiting the course and collapsing with exhaustion. Crossing that finish line gave me something far better than earning a place on the podium; it proved that I am able to avoid succumbing to fear, pain, doubt, or any other mental or physical limits. These limits have instead pushed me to improve in many areas of life, such as speaking at the SCTA Fall Leadership Conference this year as the co-president of my schoolââ¬â¢s GSA instead of buckling under societal pressures and hate. Rather than give in, I will continue to use these limits in order to learn, to grow, to accomplishââ¬âto cross the line of what I bel ieved to be possible.
Monday, April 13, 2020
Setting and Children free essay sample
Engage in personal development in health, social care or childrenââ¬â¢s and young peopleââ¬â¢s setting. 1. 1 Describe the duties and responsibilities of own work role 1. 2 Explain expectations about own work role as expressed in relevant standards. As a qualified level 3 practitioner I am responsible to fulfil my duties and work role to the best of my ability. In other words I always like to try to give my position my full attention and give it 100% of my time and dedication. I believe that this helps me to support the children in my reception class. I am always aware of the children within my setting that have SEN (Special Educational Needs) and try where I can to give them extra support although remembering the inclusive practice policy. Some of my main duties include: Ensuring children have access to learning materials and resources Observing and monitoring pupils performance and reporting my findings back to the class teacher Supporting teaching by providing information for ICT lessons Looking after the children who have had a accident or who are upset so the teacher can continue with her lesson Preparing the classroom Supporting children who may need additional help Monitoring and encouraging the children to perform to the best of their ability Encourage the children to learn through play by engaging myself with them and playing the game with them Helping the class teacher plan, prepare and deliver learning activities Giving a high level of attention to literacy and numeracy activities Showing sensitivity to the children and their families Maintaining an excellent level of communication between myself, work colleauges, other professionals from agencies and the childrenââ¬â¢s families and parents Listening to the children read regularly and keeping monitoring their achievements Supporting the children to develop communicational skills through providing role play and actively playing with them in this area Providing children whoââ¬â¢s first language is not English with enough translation or resources to teach them some English language sufficiently Assisting the teacher with delivering specific curriculm programs General office duties such as photocopying homework or producing speadsheets to record achievements Teahing interventions ( providing small groups of children with one to one attention) so that all the children in my class can achieve to the best of their ability Implement and support the golden rules of the classroom and helping the class teacher to manage the children bad behaviour and promoting good behaviour. We will write a custom essay sample on Setting and Children or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Page 1 SHC 32: Engage in personal development in health, social care or childrenââ¬â¢s and young peopleââ¬â¢s setting. 1. 1 Describe the duties and responsibilities of own work role 1. 2 Explain expectations about own work role as expressed in relevant standards. In my setting this includes giving a child whoââ¬â¢s first language is not English additional help but not singling her out as this may cause exclusion from games and activities that the other children are enjoying. Other daily duties include making sure that any water on the floor is cover and cleared away as this is a slipping hazard and so therefore become a health and safety hazard. I am also aware of the ratioââ¬â¢s between children and practitioners which in our classroom is correct and that all toys are checked for small pieces as this could be a chocking hazard and so therefore become a part of my health and safety training. Within my work role I generally take small groups of children and work with them through play to help teach them subjects like maths and English. Whilst doing this I am always more than virulent watching the other children around the room to ensure they are safe. One of the biggest parts in my work role is to listen to the children as this can often enlighten practitioners to what a childââ¬â¢s home life is like and whether the child may have other issues that need addressing. I also like to encourage the children to provide their best work and so I reward the children by asking them to put a marble in the jar which once full we have a class reward or activity like extra play on the apparatus in the big play ground. Another crucial criteria of my role is to promote good behaviour and to help with this all members of staff in our classroom implements the golden rules which have to be followed at all times. We promote this by again asking children to add marbles to the jar, using praising vocabulary or by sticker charts for those children who are struggling to follow the rules. I regularly listen to the children read and keep records of their achievements which are reported back to the class teacher. I am very fortunate that I get along quite well with the other team members in my classroom and this helps with lots of different aspects of my responsibilities and duties as I could find it extremely difficult to communicate with a member of staff if there was an atmosphere and so discussing the childrenââ¬â¢s issues or next steps may be awkward if it happens at all. Working well in a team is an essential part of becoming a level 3 practitioner no matter what the situation is as we constantly have to have involvement with team members as well as parents and other professionals to be able to provide the children in our care a fair and equal opportunity to education. In order to abide by not only my settings policies and procedures but the laws, regulations and guidelines set by local authorities and central government it is also essential to remember essential aspects of child protection such as health and safety, safeguarding and equality, diversity and inclusive practice. Page 2 SHC 32: Engage in personal development in health, social care or childrenââ¬â¢s and young peopleââ¬â¢s setting. 1. 1 Describe the duties and responsibilities of own work role 1. 2 Explain expectations about own work role as expressed in relevant standards. These are set out in law, guidelines ect as well as always included in any policy from any setting. However with this said their may be different procedures in which to carry out in different settings or updated versions from year to year so I always make sure that I request a copy upon a new placement or request a copy of any updated versions. This helps me to apply these guidelines, laws etc to my everyday activities and this does not only keep the children in my setting safe but also keeps me safe. Another set of guidelines which are of paramount importance are the early years foundation stage guidelines. These relate to all aspects of the childrenââ¬â¢s development and also the where and what the children do next. It is also part of my role to help the class teacher plan and prepare what the next steps are for each of the children and what the learning topics should be for the next week or term. I suppose I am quite lucky as my class teacher also forwards me copy of her planning for the week ahead and always asks for my opinion and input as to how certain children in our class will respond to these topics and how we can work together to help the children that may struggle slightly so that they get a equal opportunity to learning. One of the biggest responsibilities I have to the children is to report any makings or disclosure to the correct place. At my setting it is procedure to discuss any matters with the class teacher as well as report it to the safeguarding officer in the office. I believe that it is also my responsibility ask the children how the got a certain marking and to make sure that I am always on the look out for any signs or symptoms of illness. Most of all practitioners main duties are to supervise the children and to prevent them from harm and this plays an extremely big role in the health and safety and child protection standards set by the government. Another framework which is crutial to childcare is KEEP ( the key elements of effective practice).
Wednesday, March 11, 2020
Acclimation in a Changing World essays
Acclimation in a Changing World essays Amidst the thin air and harsh conditions that one would find in the Himalayas, lives a hard working group of people called the Sherha (or Sherpa). Many view the Sherpa as the workhorses behind reaching the worlds highest summits. While they are among the most trusted guides in the Himalayas, the Sherpa culture dates back hundreds of years to a time of subsistence agriculture and intra-regional trade. Slowly, their society is becoming more and more integrated with western ideas and culture, as most isolated peoples have experienced over time. They have transformed into a society thriving on tourism, rather than trade and agriculture. Such a transformation is necessary for any culture to survive. The ancestors of the Sherha most likely migrated from the Kham, in eastern Tibet over 500 years ago, in search of pastures more suited for their hunting and agricultural needs. The Sherha were a typical hunter/gatherer society, specializing in the herding of yaks, and the growing of rice, corn, and potatoes (beginning in the 1850s) (History of the Sherpas: A Chronological Chart). Their existence depended upon trade between the clans, and other ethnic groups, however. While there was much equality between women and men, there was clear division of labor between the two groups. The men, for example, were the caretakers of the yaks, while the women were involved in the agriculture and trade aspects. With such isolation that the Himalayas provide, economic opportunities offer little more than a subsistence way of life, with a limited trade. The Sherpa are, to this day, raised in a harsh environment, learning at an early age to provide for their respective clans. This loyalty i s the driving force behind why the society has strived for hundreds of years, with little change. Kinship in the Sherpa culture is one of patrilineal descent, with each clan being traced back hundreds of years through the 18 different clans, or f...
Sunday, February 23, 2020
Management consultancy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words
Management consultancy - Essay Example They also have team works in every representative they send to their clients. They also use the different consulting modes in how they consult with their clients. Table of Contents Introduction Management consulting in its essence is the action or practice of helping organizations and business to improve on their performance. They are therefore called upon to help management to achieve the organization goals. Organizations call them for a variety of reasons which are mainly centered on gaining an external objective input on how to run the organization. Another reason is management consultants are experts in this area therefore gaining expertise information from the consultants (Schwartz, 2002). They are valuable since they have dealt with many organizations and hence have expert knowledge on how to achieve success in the organization. Other essential skills that management consultants offer the organizations include change management assistance, development and coaching skills, techn ology setting up in the firm, strategy development and also efficiency in operational services. Management consultants manage these tasks by bringing their own methods and frameworks that have succeeded in other organizations to make the organization more efficient and effective at performing their tasks (Drucker, 2006). Management consultancy has grown over the years. ... Management consulting therefore depends on the specialization of the consultancy firm and the consulting needs of the organization. They include information technology consulting, virtual management, human resource consulting and financial consulting. Sometimes some of this specialization offered by consultancy firms overlap and they offer an even more diversified consultancy (Werr, 2004). The field of management consultancy has grown to include consultancy in non-public organizations including the public sector. In the UK, there has been extensive use of management consultants. The government has spent a large sum between 1996 and 2006; it used 20 billion pounds in management consultants. This has raised question among the House of Commons if this type investment was even worth it. But the use of management consulting has yielded fruit especially in the National Health Service, in the Local Government Association Improvement and Development Agency and also in the National Supports T eams. Although Management consulting can be somewhat expensive it is essential. It often leads to better performance of the organization in general. It is therefore one thing that all companies and firms should consider especially in areas which they lack a lot of skills or if the firm is on the red and requires a turnaround plan to make it more profitable (Norton, 2006). Client Centered consulting process model by Cockman This consultancy cycle or model has been used by many consultants to show the interaction of the consultants and the client from the beginning of the consultancy model. At times it does not reflect what actually happens in reality. But like all models following them makes the process better. The Professional Consultants were
Friday, February 7, 2020
Environmental Effects of the Production of Electricity by Various Essay
Environmental Effects of the Production of Electricity by Various Energy Sources - Essay Example This paper will explore the use of nuclear technology for electricity production with a bias on the environmental and public health impact of this technology as compared to the use of coal. First of all, the paper will look into the current status of electricity production using nuclear technology today in the USA and then look into the environmental and health impact of this technology and lastly compare the impact associated with it to that associated to use of coal for electricity production. The USA is the leading producer of nuclear power accounting for about 30% of the nuclear power electricity production in the world with 104 nuclear reactors that produce more than 19% of the total electricity produced in the USA (World Nuclear Association) . Currently there are 100 operable nuclear reactors in 31 different states which are under the operation of 30 different companies whereas three reactors are under construction and it is expected that 4 more reactors might be operational by the year 2020 (World Nuclear Association). ... However, the reduction of natural gas rates since the year 2009 has put some misgiving in the economic viability of nuclear expansion in the USA (World Nuclear Association). Although nuclear electricity production is highly regulated by both the state and federal laws to ensure that there is minimal interference with the environment and public health, this technology has its share of limitations. Although the nuclear generation process does not produce pollutant gases such as carbon dioxide and sulphur dioxide as part of the power generation process, fossil fuel gas emissions are associated with the process of mining and transportation of uranium to and fro the reactors (OECD Nuclear Energy Agency 57) In this way, nuclear energy production indirectly contributes to release of pollutant gases and greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide into the environment. Open pit excavations of Uranium mines may also be a hazard to both animals and human beings whereas uranium mining in any method elicits environmental concerns because of its waste material tailings from the uranium ore. Tailings are small pieces which result from crushing the rock to obtain the valuable mineral and are usually emplaced in the mine or disposed in engineered dams. They often contain radioactive material and sometimes sulphides with the potential of forming acids (Merkel &Hasche-Berger 631). The nuclear reactors use a lot of water for steam production and also for cooling which might remove a lot of water from the water bodies such as rivers and lakes thus endangering aquatic life (Kingery 151). Water discharge from nuclear power plants also has traces of heavy metal and salts as well as high temperatures thus degrading the water quality in water bodies and
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